This paper explores the way in which various actors cooperate in effectively implementing environmental and social safeguards measures on infrastructure projects financed by multilateral development banks (MDBs). It first sets the policy context, which …

“The resilience of China’s investments in African infrastructure has been called into question in the light of its own economic slowdown. The substantial reduction in Chinese demand for African commodities has resulted in a significant drop in commodit …

“South Africa’s foreign policy prioritises peaceful and sustainable growth in Africa by maximising its external engagements in increasingly strategic ways. Until now, Brazil has formed the pivot of South Africa’s engagements in South America, with the …